Mortality and Maldevelopment - Part I : congenital cardiovascular malformations

di Kalter • 2007 • dettagli prodotto

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DESCRIZIONE

Congenital malformations are worldwide occurrences, they know no national borders, do not distinguish between races, ethnicities, rich or poor. These severe physical abnormalities, present at birth, happen more often than is usually realized, once in every 33 births. They strike every part of the body, limbs, head, heart, and all others. Table of contents 1. Introduction2. Prenatal and Infant Mortality3. Infant Mortality4. Birthweight and Impairments5. Ethnic and Other Comparisons6. Causes of Perinatal Morality7. Congenital Cardiovascular Malformations8. Population-based Studies9. Hospital-based Studies10. Cardiovascular Malformations and Birthweight11. Patent Ductus Arteriosus and Birthweight12. Cardiovascular Malformations and Mortality13. Prenatal Detection14. Summary to This Point15. Ventricular Septal Defect16. Cardiovascuar Malformation and Mortality17. Epidemiology and Etiology of Cardiovascular Malformation18. Extrinsic Causes of Cardiovascular Malformations19. Summing UP, Comment and Last WordBibliographyIndexThe most frequent of them all are the many types of malformations of the cardiovascular system, the heart and its blood vessels, which happen in about once in every 250 births. Study of these conditions during the twentieth century took many forms, revolving about examination and analysis of their causes, genetic, nongenetic, and complex. To aid in unraveling the complexities of this causation, various influences on their frequency are considered, among them social conditions, maternal health, birthweight, newborn maturity. And of course the known and possible environmental bases of their occurrence are fully described.