Echocardiography

di Nihoyannopoulos - Kisslo - Kisslo • 2009 • dettagli prodotto

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DESCRIZIONE

Echocardiography has expanded greatly to become a sub-specialty in cardiology in its own right. From the original M-mode modality of 50 years ago, it has evolved into a complex multimodality method for evaluating and quantifying cardiovascular lesions. In addition, the entire spectrum of hemodynamic assessment of the heart can now be performed noninvasively using echocardiography alone. Transesophageal echocardiography has added to the clarity of imaging and proved to be extremely helpful In valve surgery. Lately, three-dimensional echocardiography has added a new dimension and helped the understanding of cardiac anatomy and pathology in real time. Finally, deformation imaging and assessment of myocardial perfusion completes the global assessment of the heart by echocardiography by looking at the various contraction and perfusion patterns in patients with coronary artery disease at rest and during stress.Table of contents I. How Things Work.- Physical Principles and the Basic Exam.- Conducting a Cardiac Ultrasound Examination.- Principles of Flow Assessment.- Principles of Hemodynamic Assessment.- Strain and Strain Rate Imaging.- Transesophageal Echocardiography.- II. Valvular Heart Disease.- Aortic Valve Disease.- Mitral Valve Disease.- Tricuspid and Pulmonic Valve Disease.- Pulmonary Hypertension Clinical Echocardiography.- Criteria for Operative Intervention in Valvular Heart Disease based on Echocardiography.- Clinical Echocardiography Prosthetic Valves.- The use of Echocardiography in the Diagnosis and Treatment of patients with Infective Endocarditis.- III. Pericardial and Myocardial Disease.- Pericardial Effusion, Tamponade and Constriction. IV. Ventricular Disorders and Ischemic Disease.- Clinical Echocardiography - CAD.- Stress Echocardiography.- Principles of Myocardial Viability.- Assessing Acute Myocardial Infarction.- Mechanical Complications.- Cardiomyopathies.- Heart Failure.- Cardiac Resyncronization Therapy.- V. Aortic Masses, Emboli and Trauma.- Intracardiac Masses.- Aortic Disorders.- Source of Embolus. VI. Congenital Heart Disease.- Simple Congenital Heart Defects.- Echocardiographic Evaluation of Complex Congenital Heart Disease.- Basic complex Adult Congenital Heart Disease. VII. Special Methods. Intraoperative Echocardiography.- Contrast Echocardiography.- Three Dimensional Echocardiography.- Ultrasound Stethoscopy.- Echo-Guided Interventions.