Calorie Restriction, Aging and Longevity

di Everitt - Rattan - Couteur - Cabo • 2010 • dettagli prodotto

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DESCRIZIONE

Food or calorie restriction has been shown in many short-lived animals and the rhesus monkey to prolong life-span. Life-long nutrition studies are not possible in humans because of their long survival. Studies over two to six years in healthy adult humans have, however, shown that a 20% reduction in food or calorie intake slows many indices of normal and disease-related aging. Thus, it is widely believed that long-term reduction in calorie or food intake will delay the onset of age-related diseases such as heart disease, diabetes and cancer, and so prolong life.Over the last 20 or more years there has been a progressive rise in food intake in many countries of the world, accompanied by a rising incidence of obesity. Thus our increasing food and calorie intake has been linked to the rising incidence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in early adult life. It is accepted that overeating, accompanied by reduced physical exercise, will lead to more age-related diseases and shortening of life-span. The answer is to reduce our calorie intake, improve our diet, and exercise more. But calorie restriction is extremely difficult to maintain for long periods. How then can we solve this problem?Table of contents Part I CALORIE RESTRICTION IN DIFFERENT SPECIES.- 1. History of Calorie Restriction, Aging and Longevity.- 2. Food Intake, Life Style, Aging and Human Longevity.- 3. Okinawa: A Naturally Caloric Restricted Population?- 4. Aging and the Effect of Calorie Restriction in Rhesus Monkeys.- 5. Dietary Restriction and Aging in Drosophila melanogaster.- 6. Aging and Dietary Restriction: the Yeast Paradigm.- 7. The Nutritional Geometry of Aging.- Part II BIOCHEMICAL AND METABOLIC MECHANISMS OF CALORIE RESTRICTION.- 8. Oxidative Stress, Dietary Restriction and Ageing.- 9. Calorie Restriction Mimetics and Aging.- 10. Will Calorie Restriction Stave Off Age-Related Brain Dysfunction, Specifically to Learning and Memory? A Review and Critique of the Rodent Literature.- 11. The Aging Liver and the Effects of Long Term Caloric Restriction.- 12. Food Restriction, Hormones, Genes and Aging.- 13. Hormesis as a Mechanism for the Anti-Aging Effects of Calorie Restriction.- Part III CALORIE RESTRICTION IN THE CLINICAL SETTING.- 14. Calorie Restriction and Obesity.- 15. Calorie Restriction and Cardiovascular Disease.- 16. The Effect of Caloric Restriction on Physiological, Psychological and Behavioral Outcomes in Humans: Results from CALERIE.- 17. Caloric Restriction and Cancer: an Update.- 18. Conclusion: Human Calorie Restriction and Anti-Aging Therapy.